A sacral fracture is a break in the sacrum, a triangular bone at the base of your spine that connects to the pelvis. The sacrum is a key structural component of the spine and pelvis, acting as a foundation for weight distribution between your upper body and legs. A fracture in this area can cause significant discomfort and impact mobility.

 

Types of Sacral Fractures

Sacral fractures are generally classified into two categories:

  1. Traumatic Sacral Fractures:
    • Caused by high-impact injuries such as car accidents, falls, or sports trauma.
    • Often accompanied by other pelvic or spinal injuries.

 

  1. Insufficiency or Stress Fractures:
    • Occur without significant trauma in weakened bones.
    • Common in individuals with osteoporosis, cancer, or other conditions that compromise bone strength.

 

Symptoms of a Sacral Fracture

  • Lower Back or Pelvic Pain: Often localized to the sacral area and may worsen with movement.
  • Radiating Pain: Discomfort may spread to the buttocks, hips, or legs.
  • Difficulty Walking or Standing: Pain or instability in the pelvic region can limit mobility.
  • Nerve Symptoms: Tingling, numbness, or weakness in the lower extremities if the sacral nerves are affected.
  • Bladder or Bowel Dysfunction: Rare but possible in severe cases where the fracture affects the sacral nerve roots.

 

Causes

  • Trauma: High-energy injuries, like car accidents or falls from a height.
  • Osteoporosis: Weakened bones are more prone to stress fractures, even from minor activities.
  • Pathological Conditions: Cancers or infections that weaken the sacrum.
  • Repetitive Strain: Overuse in athletes can lead to stress fractures.

 

Diagnosis

Sacral fractures are diagnosed using:

  • Medical History and Physical Exam: Identifying pain patterns and mobility limitations.
  • Imaging Tests: X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs to confirm the fracture and assess its severity.

 

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the type and severity of the fracture:

  1. Non-Surgical Treatments:
    • Rest and Activity Modification: Avoiding weight-bearing activities to allow healing.
    • Pain Management: Medications or nerve blocks to reduce discomfort.
    • Physical Therapy: To restore strength, mobility, and stability after healing begins.
    • Bracing: In some cases, a pelvic or sacral brace may be used for additional support.

 

  1. Surgical Options:
    • Screw Fixation or Sacral Stabilization: For severe or unstable fractures.
    • Decompression Surgery: If nerves are affected.

 

Why It Matters

A sacral fracture can significantly impact daily activities and mobility. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to ensure proper healing, minimize complications, and restore function.

If you’re experiencing persistent lower back or pelvic pain, don’t ignore it—let’s pinpoint the problem and get you back on your feet!