Thoracic myelopathy is a condition caused by compression or damage to the spinal cord in the thoracic spine (the middle part of your back). Because the spinal cord is the central hub for communication between your brain and body, thoracic myelopathy can lead to a range of symptoms, including pain, weakness, and difficulty with coordination.

Causes

Thoracic myelopathy can occur for several reasons, including:

  • Degenerative Changes: Conditions like herniated discs, bone spurs, or thickened ligaments narrowing the spinal canal.
  • Trauma: Fractures or dislocations from injuries.
  • Tumors: Abnormal growths in or around the spine compressing the cord.
  • Infections: Conditions like abscesses or tuberculosis affecting the spine.
  • Congenital Issues: Rarely, a person may be born with a narrow spinal canal.

Symptoms

Symptoms of thoracic myelopathy depend on the degree and location of spinal cord compression and may include:

  • Mid-Back Pain: Often accompanied by stiffness or tightness.
  • Weakness: Difficulty walking or standing due to leg weakness.
  • Numbness or Tingling: Often in the lower body, below the level of the compression.
  • Balance and Coordination Issues: Problems with walking or unsteadiness.
  • Bowel or Bladder Dysfunction: In severe cases, loss of control over bladder or bowel functions.

Diagnosis

Thoracic myelopathy is diagnosed using:

  • Medical History and Physical Exam: To identify neurological symptoms and signs of spinal cord compression.
  • Imaging Tests: MRI or CT scans to visualize spinal cord compression and its cause.
  • Electrodiagnostic Studies: Sometimes used to assess nerve function.

Treatment

The treatment approach depends on the cause and severity of the condition:

  • Conservative Treatments:
    • Medications to manage pain or inflammation.
    • Physical therapy to improve strength and coordination.
    • Activity modifications to avoid worsening symptoms.
  • Surgical Intervention:
    • Surgery may be necessary to decompress the spinal cord, stabilize the spine, or remove tumors or other causes of compression.
    • Procedures like laminectomy or spinal fusion are common.

Why It Matters

Thoracic myelopathy can significantly affect mobility and quality of life if untreated. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial to prevent permanent spinal cord damage and restore function.

If you’re experiencing symptoms like back pain, weakness, or coordination issues, don’t ignore them. We’re here to help protect your spine and get you back to doing what you love!